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(No 111060.11.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1. T. DUNG AN. UNIVERSAL PHASE ALTERNATE CURRENT MOTOR.

Patented Apr. 17,1894.

INI ENTOH: M @IX ILCG/VI/ 62611))? Y/Je/Iny A is ATTORNEYS (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

T.DUNCAN. UNIVERSAL PHASE ALTERNATE CURRENT MOTOR. No. 518,310} Patented Apr. 17, 18-94.

WITNESSES:

6 z; ATTORNEYS.-

5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

T. DUNCAN. UNIVERSAL PHASE ALTERNATE CURRENT MOTOR.

Patented Apr. 17,1894.

INVENTOH %m4 m 6% .02/2 Man/2y A is ATTOPNEYS WITNESSES: j/u mwm;

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

TQDUNCAN. UNIVERSAL PHASB'EALTERNATE CURRENT MOTOR. No. 518,310. Patented 'Apr. 17, 1894.

WITNESSES: INVENTOH.

/1 1'9 ATTORNEYS.

(Eu Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

T. DUNCAN. UNIVERSAL PHASE ALTERNATE CURRENT MOTOR. No. 518,310. Patented Apr. 17, 1894.

W/ TNE SSE S h I s ATTORNEYS.

l/V VE N TOR:

25 giving 'any'speed and adapted UNITEDYSf rATns PAT NT OFFICE.

, THOMAS D rI AN, oF FoRT WAYNE, IHDIANA.

u'N V-Rs-A H sE AtTs'imA-rs-cu R-ENTM OTQR. i

-.s1 EqmcA'r1oN forming r Iletterslatent No. mama-sated April-17,1894. 5 irritation filed unmade. 'sesn in smuch-mo mam;

To all ,whom may concern.-

Be itknown that I, THOMAS DUNCAN, a" citizen of the United States, residing at Fort Wayne, in the county ofwAllen, in the State of 5 Indiana haveinven'ted certain new and use fu'l- Iinprovements in Universal-Phase Alter-.. T ating-Current Motors; and Ldo herebyd'e clare that the following is a full, clear, andexact description of-the invention, which will [0 enablofothers skilled in thela'rt-to which it.

appertaius to make and use -thesame, refer- ..ence being had to the accompanying drawiugs, which form part of this specification.

universal phase alternating current motors. The pbjectof my invention is theproduction of auniversal phase alternating current motbnwhich vwill be seltstarting and willjoperatewithialternating currentsof an phase as either' slmpl'e or'slngle phase or mul t iphase 'currentsf of jtwof'three, four, six'or more -'ph eB;-- withont the use of a commutator, brushes;.or other currentmectlfying orchanglng 'deyicesyand which will be capable-of for rotation in r re t l am. are that alternating current ll] 0- tors Vt"ith'out 'tzguifmutators have been invent-- ed, but 8u qh; motors are applicable only to 0 some one elass'cf'currents for which-they are intended,' 'and ;a re lknown either as single base-motors,-br.multiphase' current motors. ni' the 'firstfiof th''s'eor single phase current typefirotattonbfi he armature is produced by 3 the'iiesfliiliin 0 of this type, the" current is dividedinto twoor more. parts or circults,-sorne-havi ng iron or its equivalent placedwithin them to .p ro-' duce the necessary lagging or dilference of I phase between them, in order to produce ro- 5 tation of the armature, while others require a special or auxiliary starting device. The universal phase motor herein described operates upon an entirely different principle when connected or supplied with an ordinary 5c alternating or single phase current namely upon the repulsive force displayed between a primarycoil or field and its secondary, full ty My invention relates to improvements in g-action of two currents or fields. dJiZe'ring' in' -phase by ninety degrees and.

set forth and described in other applications A filed by. me for electricity meters, as followsr .Serial No. 415,825, filed December 21,? 18.91,-' 55- manner now well understood by those skilled "in the art. I

In this invention I have shown and de-" scrihed a universal phase motor-by means of ing polar projections with coils'wound there on to 'receive impulses ofcurrent.froin the I source of supply; third, an'adjustablemag- 8e netic path diverter; fourth,-a.-worm' gear at tachinent 'for altering: the 'position'of the di- Y verter astrelated to the polar projections of I the field, for'varying the speed and. direction 'or rotation; can, a'snitablete'rminalorswitoh 8 board for making}; the'varions-cQnneetionS whenchanging from'currents cf'one phase'to another.

My invention in the hes li fiiiost practical form-of which. ,I' tillilj'fiipmht'flware js illustrated. .in', the, accent any'ing' drawiug's termin part of tni jsp smsscemm which; simllarietters 'andjuum'er'als ofi referencein f d icate-j corresponding; parts in the .several f- .1} It; 5-,"; 3 ---fFlg ur'e lqis'ali end elevatiori of a six pole motor for,one,'t wo, three o'ri'six phase o'ur- A rents. -li ig,2 is afr'ontelevation 'ot'thesame. Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 represent details of a three'pole motor for use on "either single or three phase current systems; Figs; 8,9, and 10-are details of a four pole'motorto be used inconnection with either single phase, two

i phase and tour. or quarter phasecurrents 5 I which when connected to a multiphasecur- Figs. 11, 12, and 13show a motor with six poles which can be used with single phase,

each represent va.;row of terminals to which the field coils are connected.

C is a cylindrical armature or secondary of copper or other electric conducting metal.-

D is a laminated iron or steel diverter, ad-

justable within the armature C for varying the angle at which the lines of force emanating from the field poles shallcut through the armature 0, thereby determining the speed and direction of rotation.

The lettere represents the laminated field core, and P is also a laminated ironcore. Shown in Fig. 5.

Y G, G, G, are generators for supplying the necessary currents.

E represents cast metal frames for holding orclalnping theiron laminae of the field magnet e together, as seenin Figs. 1 and 2.

F represents the bearing heads secured to C and revolving therewith upon the adjust- .able spindle or shaft S, and to which the pulley U is also attached.

W shows the bearing and K the standards which support the shaft S, the pulley U, the bearing heads F, the armature C and the adjusting lever J, H. L represents the toothed part of the said lever which meshes with the worm M, operated by means of the hand wheel N.

P represents the base which is provided with the lugs R to this base is also attached the terminal or switch board V.

. The numbers 1 to 6 inclusive represent the field coils which have their respective terminals carried by means of the cableT through the insulated bushing t to the corresponding terminal'numbers on the switch board V.

The mode of operation of my universal phase al ternating current motor, above described, is as follows: The cylindrical armature Ooccupies therelation of a secondary of low resistance toward the primary coils wound upon the polar projections of the field core e, (these coils being marked 1, 2, 3, 4,5, and 6 in Fig. 1,) andis repelled therefrom. Inorder to produce this repulsion it becomes necchanging the direction of rotation.

rection of rotation will be the same as thatessarythat the lines of force emanating from these coilsor poles shall cut or encounter the armature at an angle or tangent, hence I use the diverter D for accomplishing this result. By turning the hand wheel N,as seen in Fig. 1, the diverter maybe moved to either side of the adjacent pole or coil facing it, thereby This diin which the said diverter was moved and as shown by the arrows in the several views.

Figs. 14,15, 16, 17,

When the poles of the diverter are in line with the field poles no motion will take place, because the repulsion between the said field coils and the armature C will be in a line passing through the center or axis of rotation. But as soon as the'diverter D is moved to either side of this center rotation will take place. The diverter D as seen in Fig. 1 is secured to the spindle or adjusting shaft S, as is also the adjusting lever J, H. The armature or revolving part 0 is carried between the poles of the field core e and the diverter D by means of the bearing heads F which are made to revolve upon the adjusting shaft S as shown in Fig. 2. I have also extended the bearing head which carries the pulley U so that it passes through the hearing W, when the pulley or a fan can be fastened on the outside of said hearing. The two terminals of each coil on the field poles are connected to the two corresponding terminal numbers of the switch board V. For instance, the two ends of the field coil-marked 1 in Fig. 1, are connected to 1, of the terminals A and B; the No.2 coil has its terminals connected to 2, of the terminals A and B, the othersbeiug arrangedin a similar manner. The field coil terminals are all carried through the cable '1 into the base of the motor as shown. It a single phase current be used to operate the motor the terminals A may be all plugged or joined together and connected to one side or terminal of the supply circuit, while all the terminalsB. are joined in the same manner to the other or remaining side of the system. By connecting them in this way the field coils will all be in multiple or parallel are. If it is desirous to connect them in series, they may be so arranged by connecting B, to A, B to A, B to A, Bto A, B to A, then connecting the remaining terminals, viz. A and B to the two sides of the system respectively This method of connecting is shown in Fig. 11. If used with three phase currents connect as shown in Fig. 12 and it used for six phase connect them as shown-in Fig. 13. 1

In- Fig. 3 is shown a three pole motor adapted for either single phase or three phase currents. As shown it is connected to a single phase generatorG and has its field poles facing the armature C at an angle ,or tangent. This arrangement of the poles causes the lines offorce to cut the cylinder 0 obliquely or at anangle which produces rotation by its be ng repelled therefrom. It also makesitoperatiye without the use of a diverter. Its field coils are in series as shown by plugging 1 to 2", 2 to 3 and connecting the remaining terminals 1 and 3 to the generator or source of supply.

IIO

In Fig. 4 is shown the same motor with its field connections changed and supplied with a three phase current from the generator G.

In these connections the generator or line terminals are plugged to the three upper or row A of posts ifiarked 1, 2, and 3, while the re- 4S ing their two remaining terminals to the two r gle phase or ordinary'alternating' currents,

con nect, all the field coils in series, as shown "ni'aining or lower row marked B are all joined the row 9 TOWA j ned ,or plu'gged' together.

Fig. 5 isthe same as Fig. 3"with the acct" Mount the laminated iron core placed within the armature or cylinder 0. This core may be made stationary within the armature Q'or itmaybe fastened to and revolve with it.

Its pnrpose is to decrease the magnetic re sistance between the poles, thereby increasthe same source of supply, fully described in Letters Patent issued to meJnly 4, 18 93, Nos. 500,868 and 501,000.

ingits e ciency.

Fig. 6 shows a three'pole ing the speed The saidd also be wound with a coil andconnected to as illustrated and Fig. 7 shows another modification in that the field poles face thecenter or axis of rota- .-i: ;tion: The connections being similar to those seen in Fig. 4.for triphase currents. The

lower left hand coil is taken as No, 1 in all the several views, the numbering being made in the direction of the hands of a watch, as shown in Fig. 1, For three phase currents, as shown inFigs. 4 and '7, the three 'wires or circuits leading from the generator G are connected to the three terminals 1, 2 and 3 of the row A, while the remaining three, viz., 1, 2 and 3i of the row B are connected together.

Fig. 8 shows a fo'urpole'mot'or with its field coils connected in series to a single phase generator. This form is also operative without a diverter, since the angle at which the poles are set against the armature produce the necessary tangential thrust or repulsion." An iron 'core may also,be employed, as shown in Fig. 5, or a diverter may be used which will addconsiderably to the efiiciency of the said repelling force.

Fig. 9 shows a-two phase combination by plugging the two sets of field coils which are diametrically opposite, in'series and connecttransformers G'and' G, respectively, asshown;

The said transformers supply currents to their respective coils at difierent tlmeperiods varying by a quarter period or ninety degrees. This combination clearly shows how thetwo forces, before mentioned, work conjointly in producing rotation of the armature, in that said armature is repelled from the field poles due'to the action of the diverter which causes the mag'neticflnx to cut it at an angle, and the action of the revolving muIt imagnetic field carrying it in the sanie direction. Fig. 10 shows the same motor connected to a four phase generator G. If used with sinin Fig. 8,.or they maybe connccted in paraldiverterfor vary iverter poles may *The connections shown are forsingle phase :currents, the-field; coils being n ser1es.- If used with-two phase currents I connect each set of these coils one hundred and twenty de- .join the two remaining terminals of eachset to the two phase source of supply, as shown at G'Qand Gin Fig. 9. ,The connections above mentioned will be easilynnderstood by those skilled in'the art. Fig. 12 shows the same sixpole motor with its field coils suitably arranged or. connected forjuse with a :three phase current system of distribution.

Fig.1.? shows the connections for use with a six phase current system, and connected to the six phase current generator G; I

Fig-1i represents a twelve pole motor which may be operated with-single phase, two phase, three phase, four phase, six phase or twelve phase currents. The connections shown are for single phase currents, the coils all being in series with each other.

'Fig..15 shows the method of connecting for operation with two phase currents. Fig-l6. shows it'conuected to a three or tri-phase system.

Fig.1? shows the method of connecting the fields for four or quarter phase systems.

when operated with six phase currents. In the case of a twelve phase connection w th twelve poles, each c'oil'willbe connected with the one diametrically opposite, thereby having six sets of coils, consisting of two each, and twelve remaining-terminals which are connected to the twelve phase generator.

I do not hereby limit myself to the connections given, as other methods of connecting are applicable and well known.

My improved motor willstill be operatiye if, from any fault or accidentjn the other circuits, only one of them be in operation or supplying current toits respective field coil or magnets, when used with any multiphase current, which can not be accomplished by any other'knowh motor. 1

In a motor of this construction, thepossibility of burning out is entirely eliminated.

copper; and I have constructed an armature by combining these two and in placing the iron cylinder within the copper one, both being secured to each other and revolving together.

. In constructing. the copper cylinder I-have also made some with slots or holes cut through the surface to provide a more defined course or path for t-he secondary currents to flow, these slots or holes preferably being of the same number as the field coils or poles. The said slots or holes may also be made of the same size or areaas-the face of the pole pieces;,and good results may be obtained by usingan iron cylinder within these slottedsecondary cylinders,both being insulated from each other.

grees apart inseries or'multiple, and then,

Fig. '18 represents the connections used I have also used a cylinder of iron instead of phase currents, by connecting each field or,

coil to one of the two phase current'circuits respectively, as shown at G, and G in Figs. 9 and'15. By increasing the numberof poles of the motorit will operate with any increased number of multiphase currents. Inasmuch as at the present time the greatest number of phases used in commercial operation is the four or quarterphase, a twelve pole,motor -meets all the requirements thereof, and also ifor'the three gle phase.

phase, the two phase and the sin- I do not herebylimit myself to any particu lar construction of this'form of motor, as the same principles of action or operation may be carried out in a great variety of forms.

My improved niotor is capable of various useful applications not necessary here to describe, it beingsufiicient to say that its adaptability and flexibility for multiphase and single phase currents being a novel feature of the highest value, besides being cheap,-

simple, reliable and easy to maintain.

It is believed that my invention is the first universal phase alternating current motive device which can be used for any practical purpose, and which is adapted to operate with either' ordinary alternating or single phase currents, two or di-phase currents three or triphase currents,four or quarter phase on rrents' and six or more currents diifering in phase by any number of degrees. 'It is further believedthat I am the first to impart directly by means of a multiphase current a second power or turningforce,workingin conjunction withthe torque of the rotary or multi-magnetic field, it being the repulsive force exerted upon the armature byits being blown or thrust away from the pole pieces or coils which ener-- gize them and in the direction of the revolving field. This repulsive force'may be utilized to varythe speed of the motor by moving the diverter toward 'or a little past itsadjacent' fieldmagnet. poleor coil in the opposite directionto thatin which the revolvingor multimagnetic field is traveling. For instance in Fig. 10 if the diverter Dbe moved in adirection opposite to that of the arrow, or be made to occupy the position shown in Fig. 9 it will tend to retard or-stop' the motion, on account of its working in opposition to the rotary fields, they being also in the directionofthe arrow.

Having thus particularly described andiascertained the nature of myiuvention andthe manner of using the same, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 15

1. I-nan alternating current electro magnetic motive device, the combination of a laminated field having its polar projections facing inward at an angle, as shown, and a closed secondary or armature, all substantially as set forth and described.

.2. Ina universal phase motor, the combina- -motor for single or multiphase alternating currents, of a field magnet adapted to be connected with said currents, a closedrotary armature, a magnetic path diverter and the ad-' justing lever all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. Ina universal phase alternating current motor, the combination of an energizing field magnet e, a closed cylindrical secondary or armature C, the bearing heads F supporting said armature, and the adjusting ,shaft S on which the said mandrel heads are adapted to rotate, all substantially as described.

5. In a universal phase motor, the combination of the field magnet e, the armature" O, the bearing heads F, the diverter D, the lever J .H L, the worm gear M, the adjusting shaft S, and the plug or switch board V, all'as described and hereinbefore set forth.-

6. In an electric motor for single and polyphase currents, the combination of a. lami nated field having its polar projections facing the armature at an angle, and providedwith suitable coils located in the circuit; or circuits of. the supply, anda laminated diverter for varying ,the speed and direction of rotation, all substantially as described.

7. In an electric motor for single and polyphase currents the combination of a laminated field havin g its polar projections facing the armature Ebanlangle, andprovided with suitable coils located in the circuitor circuits of the supply, a laminated diverter for varying the speed and direction of rotation and the terminals-plugs or switch board as herein set forthaud'described- I Signed by me, at Fort Wayne, Indiana, this 18th day -of May, 1893; a

. THOMAS DUNCAN,-

Witne'ss'e'sfi R. S. ROBERTSON,

.WALTER G. Beans.

fro 

